Discovering a small lump on your neck, back, or behind your ear can be unsettling, especially if you weren’t expecting it. Many people first notice these bumps during everyday activities like showering, brushing their hair, or looking in the mirror. While it’s natural to feel concerned, it’s important to know that many lumps under the skin are common and often harmless.
That said, a new or changing lump can sometimes be your body’s way of signaling that something needs attention. Understanding the most common causes can help you decide when to monitor it and when to seek professional advice.
One of the most frequent explanations for a lump in these areas is an epidermoid cyst. This is a non-cancerous growth that forms just beneath the skin and is commonly found on the neck, back, face, or behind the ears. These cysts usually develop slowly and may remain the same size for long periods. They form when skin cells do not shed normally and instead become trapped under the surface, creating a small sac filled with keratin, a natural protein also found in hair and nails.
In most cases, epidermoid cysts are painless and do not cause discomfort. However, if a cyst becomes irritated or infected, it may appear red, swollen, warm, or tender. In some situations, it can release fluid with an unpleasant odor. Factors such as clogged pores, acne-prone skin, minor skin injuries, and rare genetic conditions may increase the likelihood of developing these cysts, which are more commonly seen in adults.
Although it may be tempting to squeeze or try to remove a lump at home, doing so can increase the risk of infection and scarring. It is best to have a healthcare professional evaluate a lump if it grows quickly, becomes painful, changes in color or shape, feels unusually hard, or is accompanied by symptoms like fever, ongoing fatigue, or unexplained weight changes. Most lumps turn out to be harmless, but early evaluation can provide reassurance and help rule out more serious concerns.
